LED (light emitting diode) was introduced as a semi conductor source of light in the year 1962. At the beginning, LEDs were used as indicator lamps. Later, incandescent lamps and neon signals were replaced with LEDs. The high power white light LEDs are used for illumination and replaced incandescent and fluorescent lamps. Since the ingredients used for making LED have value of Refractive Index, more light will be reflected back into the material.

LED lights are highly energy efficient. LED bulbs are much more durable than fluorescent lamps and incandescent bulbs. Since LED bulbs do not contain any filament they will not be damaged as easily as other types of bulbs. These bulbs can withstand jarring and bumping since they are solid. Another great advantage of LED lighting is that it will not produce heat unlike incandescent lighting.  Since LED bulbs do not cause rise of room temperature, air conditioning expenses are considerably less.

LED lights are much more efficient than incandescent and CFL. They consume a very small fraction of the electricity required by CFL and incandescent light. By way of reduced consumption of power and reduced replacement costs LED lighting is much more economical compared to other types. Battery will get 10 to 15 time longer life with LED flash light bulbs than with incandescent bulbs. Though the LEDs are expensive in the initial stage, the expenses are compensated over a period of time. Moreover with the availability of various LED bulbs in the market, the prices are gradually declining.

LED bulbs are found more suitable for remote areas and portable generators thanks to their low power consumption.LED bulbs of different models and designs are available in the market. Consumers have to read the lumens of each bulb before buying since lumens indicate the brightness of the bulb. Warm light is suitable for lighting a small area where as cool white light is ideal for lighting a large area. Consumers should not opt for cheap LED bulbs since those bulbs will be having chips of poor quality and it may get damaged easily. All LED bulbs should have certifications such as UL, FCC and Energy Star.

There are different types of LED bulbs and the prominent types among them are Diffused bulbs, Diffused High Power bulbs, Track lighting, Recessed downlight and outdoor flood lights. Diffuse bulbs are used for area lighting in rooms, halls etc. Diffused high power LED bulbs produce light which is equivalent to light of 100 watt incandescent bulb and is used for household illumination.